Physical memory, also known as primary storage or RAM (Random Access Memory), refers to the memory chips that are physically present in a computer system. These memory chips are responsible…
Apart from the physically installed memory, a computer also has some extra memory which is known as virtual memory. It is a storage scheme that allows the secondary memory to…
Paging is a memory management scheme that permits the physical address space of a process to be non-contiguous. Support for paging is handled by hardware. It is used to avoid…
Memory management is often a complex issue in a system written in a language without garbage collection. The situation is mostly simple in PBRT since most dynamic memory allocation is done…
The design of operating system architecture traditionally follows the separation of concerns principle. This principle suggests structuring the operating system into relatively independent parts that provide simple individual features, thus…
A Deadlock is a situation where a set of processes are blocked because each process is holding a resource and waiting for another resource acquired by some other process. Consider an example…
CPU scheduling is the basis of multi-programmed operating systems. By switching the CPU among processes, the operating system can make the computer more productive. CPU Scheduling is a process of determining…
A thread is a basic unit of CPU utilization; it comprises a thread ID, a program counter, a register set, and a stack. It shares with other threads belonging to…
A question that arises in discussing operating systems involves what to call all the CPU activities. A batch system executes jobs, whereas a time-shared system has user programs or tasks.…
An operating system is a program on which application programs are executed and acts as a communication bridge (interface) between the user and the computer hardware. The main task an…
