Blogs

Cyber warfare law and ethics explained: the UN Charter, use of force and self-defence, the law of armed conflict, the Tallinn Manual, attribution.

The main cyber warfare targets: military systems, government, critical infrastructure, finance, elections, supply chains and businesses.

Cyber warfare operations explained: network operations, defensive operations and threat hunting, intelligence, offensive operations.

The five domains of warfare explained: land, sea, air, space and cyberspace, what makes each unique, and why cyber now links them all in modern conflict.

The three levels of cyber warfare explained: strategic, operational and tactical, who works at each level, the skills needed, examples.

A cyber warfare case study of the 2020 SolarWinds attack: how the SUNBURST supply chain compromise worked, who was hit, attribution to Russia's SVR.

The main types of cyber warfare: espionage, sabotage, DDoS, attacks on power grids, propaganda, economic disruption and surprise attacks, with real cases.

The advantages of cyber warfare (low cost, deniability, reach) and its disadvantages (escalation, collateral damage, weak rules), with real examples.

What drives cyber warfare? The main reasons states and groups wage cyber war: espionage, sabotage, political pressure, economic gain and military advantage.